| Industrial Research and Development Expenditure and its Percentage of Sales Turnover for Leading Industry Groups in India (1994-1995 to 1998-1999) | |||||
| (Rs. in Crore) | |||||
| Industry Group | Research and Development Expenditure | ||||
| 1994-95 | 1995-96 | 1996-97 | 1997-98 | 1998-99 | |
| Electricals & Electronics | 128.86 (0.6) | 136.10 (0.6) | 185.60 (0.28) | 204.06 (0.30) | 200.03 (0.29) |
| Defence Industries | 79.48 (1.9) | 79.85 (1.7) | 144.79 (4.44) | 180.23 (5.22) | 218.96 (6.11) |
| Metallurgical Industries | 51.79(0.2) | 51.79 (0.2) | 123.95 (0.48) | 123.16 (0.57) | 142.56 (0.78) |
| Drugs & Pharmaceuticals | 165.81 (0.4) | 198.73 (0.4) | 266.34 (0.63) | 287.49 (0.63) | 377.50 (0.76) |
| Transportation | 170.42 (0.9) | 226.88 (1.0) | 133.11 (0.47) | 201.15 (0.79) | 152.83 (0.60) |
| Fuels | 81.33 (0.1) | 106.02 (0.1) | 110.66 (0.11) | 99.2(0.09) | 156.68 (0.13) |
| Chemical (Other than Fertilizers) | 243.46 (0.8) | 309.16 (0.8) | 189.49 (0.51) | 174.67 (0.47) | 195.14 (0.51) |
