Sources of Variation in Foreign Exchange Reserves (FER) in India (2016-2017 to 2023-2024-upto September 2023) | ||||||||
(US$ in Billion) | ||||||||
Items | 2016-2017 | 2017-2018 | 2018-2019 | 2019-2020 | 2020-2021 | 2021-2022 | 2022-2023 | 2023-20242 |
I. Current Account Balance | ||||||||
II. Capital Account (net) (a to f) | ||||||||
a. Foreign Investment (i+ii) | ||||||||
(i) Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) | ||||||||
(ii) Portfolio Investment | ||||||||
Of which: | ||||||||
Foreign Institutional Investment (FII) | ||||||||
American Depository Receipt (ADR)/Global Depository Receipt (GDR) | ||||||||
b. Banking Capital | ||||||||
of which: NRI Deposits | ||||||||
c. Short Term Credit | ||||||||
d. External Assistance | ||||||||
e. External Commercial Borrowings | ||||||||
f. Other Items in Capital Account | ||||||||
III. Valuation change | ||||||||
Total (I+II+III)1 Increase in Reserves (+) / Decrease in Reserves (-) |